Cats primarily recognize their owners in the following ways:

Scent: Cats have a very sensitive sense of smell, and they can identify and recognize their owners by their scent.
Voice: Cats are very familiar with their owner's voice, including the tone, intonation, and speed of the voice.
Vision: Cats also have very keen eyesight; they can recognize their owners by their appearance, body shape, and movements.
Interaction: Interactions with the owner, such as petting, playing, and feeding, also help cats establish a bond and recognize their owner.